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A musical question

This has nothing to do at all with Noteworthy, but I was wondering:

What's the difference between a canon and a fugue?

Re: A musical question

Reply #1 –
a canon is a melody that is counter point with its earlier on. or you could say on staff 1 the melody A enters, 4 measures later melody A starts on staff 2, another 4 bars it starts on saff 3.
fugues are less strict. melody A enters on staff 1, 4 beats later the counter melody enters on staff 2. 8 bars later the original melody enters on staff 3.
esssentialy a fugue gives you more freedom.

Re: A musical question

Reply #2 –
Interesting.  I was thinking maybe that fugues have the freedom to introduce new keys, since the only fugues I could think of all do that.  Oddly enough, I don't remember the names of any of them.  The one I played in orchestra my senior year sure was fun, though!

For anyone who is good at identifying rare classical music, here is what little I remember (the two sets of code are two staves that I punched in really quickly from memory, featuring the bass section introducing the fugue, followed by the cello section (which in turn would be followed by the violas, then 1sts, then 2nds)  Also I've included two other memorable parts.  Anyone know what this song is?

Code: [Select · Download]
!NoteWorthyComposerClip(2.0,Single)
|Clef|Type:Bass
|Tempo|Tempo:160|Pos:13
|TimeSig|Signature:6/4
|Text|Text:"Here\'s the part of the fugue I remember:"|Font:StaffItalic|Pos:14
|Text|Text:"Basses:"|Font:StaffItalic|Pos:9
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:-11
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:-8
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-10
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:-7
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-8
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:-5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-6|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:b-2|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:#-5|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-7
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:n-5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-6|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-6|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-7|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-8|Opts:Stem=Up
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:#-8|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-6|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-8|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-10|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-6|Opts:Stem=Up
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-7|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-6|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-7|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-8|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:b-9|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-8|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-9|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-10|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-11|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-10|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-9|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-8|Opts:Stem=Up
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Instrument|Name:"Orchestra Hit"|Patch:55|Trans:0|DynVel:10,30,45,60,75,92,108,127|Pos:1|Wide:Y
|Text|Text:"the percussion section, played this, while the horns did a var. of the fugue."|Font:StaffItalic|Pos:10
|Text|Text:"Here\'s the beginning and end of the song.  The entire orchestra, including"|Font:StaffItalic|Pos:14
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:5
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:8th,Accent|Pos:5
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Text|Text:"a.s.o."|Font:StaffItalic|Pos:7
|Rest|Dur:Half,Dotted
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Half
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Rest|Dur:Half,Dotted
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Half
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Rest|Dur:Half,Dotted
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Bar
|Clef|Type:Treble
|Instrument|Name:"String Ensemble 1"|Patch:48|Trans:0|DynVel:10,30,45,60,75,92,108,127|Pos:1|Wide:Y
|Text|Text:"Here\'s another memorable part..."|Font:StaffItalic|Pos:9
|Note|Dur:Half,Dotted|Pos:1^
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:1^
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:1^
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:1
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:2
|Bar
|Note|Dur:4th,Slur|Pos:1
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:-2
|Note|Dur:4th,Slur|Pos:1
|Note|Dur:8th,Slur|Pos:2
|Note|Dur:8th,Slur|Pos:3
|Note|Dur:Half,Slur|Pos:4^
|Bar
|Note|Dur:Half|Pos:4
|Note|Dur:4th,Dotted,Slur|Pos:3
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:4
|Note|Dur:Half,Slur|Pos:2^
|Bar
|Note|Dur:Half,Slur|Pos:2^
|Note|Dur:4th,Slur|Pos:2
|Note|Dur:8th,Slur|Pos:3^
|Note|Dur:8th,Slur|Pos:3
|Note|Dur:4th,Slur|Pos:1
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:-2
|Bar
|Note|Dur:4th,Slur|Pos:1
|Note|Dur:8th,Slur|Pos:2
|Note|Dur:8th,Slur|Pos:3
|Note|Dur:4th,Dotted,Slur|Pos:4^
|Note|Dur:Half,Slur|Pos:4^
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:4
|Bar
|Note|Dur:4th,Triplet=First|Pos:3
|Note|Dur:4th,Triplet|Pos:4
|Note|Dur:4th,Triplet=End|Pos:6
|Note|Dur:Half|Pos:5^
|Bar
|Note|Dur:Whole|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:4th,Slur|Pos:3
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:4
|Bar
|Note|Dur:4th,Triplet=First,Slur|Pos:5
|Note|Dur:4th,Triplet,Slur|Pos:3
|Note|Dur:4th,Triplet=End,Slur|Pos:4
|Note|Dur:Whole|Pos:5
|Bar
|Note|Dur:Half|Pos:-2
|Note|Dur:Half|Pos:4
|Note|Dur:Half|Pos:3
|Bar
|TimeSig|Signature:4/4
|Note|Dur:Half|Pos:-3
|Note|Dur:Half|Pos:3
|Bar
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:2
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:1
|Note|Dur:Half|Pos:2
|TimeSig|Signature:6/4
|Note|Dur:Whole|Pos:1^
|Note|Dur:Half|Pos:1
|Rest|Dur:Whole
!NoteWorthyComposerClip-End
Code: [Select · Download]
!NoteWorthyComposerClip(2.0,Single)
|Clef|Type:Bass
|TimeSig|Signature:6/4
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Rest|Dur:Whole
|Bar
|Text|Text:"Celli:"|Font:StaffItalic|Pos:9
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:-8
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:-5
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-7
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:-4
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:b-2
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-2|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-1|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-1|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-1|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:0|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-1|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-1|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:0|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:b1|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:0|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-1|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:b-2|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:n-2|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:0|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-2|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:4th|Pos:b-2
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-2|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:#-5|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-7|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:0|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:0|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-1|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:b-2|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-2|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Rest|Dur:8th
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up
|Bar
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-3|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-4|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:b-6|Opts:Stem=Up
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=First
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-6|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-7|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-8|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-7|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-6|Opts:Stem=Up,Beam=End
|Note|Dur:8th|Pos:-5|Opts:Stem=Up
|Bar
|Text|Text:"a.s.o."|Font:StaffItalic|Pos:-7
!NoteWorthyComposerClip-End
 

Re: A musical question

Reply #3 –
A canon is a round. "Dona Nobis Pacem" is quite well known. 4 lines, singable as a 4-part song. Group 1 starts with line 1. When group 1 reaches line 2, group 2 starts with line 1. When group 1 reaches line 3 while hopefully group 2 reaches line 3, group 3 starts with line 1. Then the next line for all. After line 4, group 1 goes back to line 1, until someone signals a halt.
There are many Taizé-rounds, and very nice ones too.

The best known fugue is Bach's fugue from "Toccata und Fuga".
I would also mention "Cum Sancto Spirito" from Mozart's Mass in C Minor. But there are literally thousands, and then some.

cheers,
Rob.